Consumer - Protection
You paid for it.
You deserve what you paid for.
The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 replaced the 1986 framework with stronger remedies, faster timelines, product liability, and explicit reach over e-commerce. We file complaints, defend service providers, and run appeals up to the NCDRC and Supreme Court.
Consumer Protection Act, 2019 · In force from 20 July 2020Three tier structure of District Commission, State Commission, and National Commission. Pecuniary jurisdiction revised by the Central Government notification dated 30 December 2021.
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Tell us about your complaint
Most complaints have a two year limitation under Section 69. The clock matters.
Rs 50 lakh
District Commission pecuniary limit
Consumer Protection (Jurisdiction) Rules, 2021, notif. 30 Dec 2021
Rs 50L to 2Cr
State Commission jurisdiction
Section 47(1)(a)(i) read with 2021 Rules
Above Rs 2Cr
NCDRC jurisdiction
Section 58(1)(a)(i) read with 2021 Rules
3 months
Target disposal where no testing required
Section 38(7), Consumer Protection Act, 2019
We work both sides of the consumer forum
Strong cases for complainants, structured defences for service providers. Mediation under Chapter V where it serves the client.
Invocation, interim relief, appointment
Section 21 notice of invocation, Section 9 urgent interim relief from court (asset attachment, status quo, security), Section 11 application for arbitrator appointment, and Section 8 reference where the matter is in court.
Counsel and tribunal representation
Pleadings, evidence, expert witness handling, applications during proceedings, Section 17 interim relief from tribunal, and oral arguments. We act in ad hoc and institutional arbitration including ICA, MCIA, DIAC, SIAC, ICC.
Challenge, defence, enforcement
Section 34 set-aside applications, defence of awards, Section 36 enforcement as decree, foreign award enforcement under Part II, and Section 37 appeals from court orders.
A process built around the new 2019 Act
Section 35 onwards prescribes a streamlined complaint procedure. Here is what it looks like in practice.
Cause of action and limitation
Identify the deficiency, quantify the loss, gather records, and confirm the complaint is within two years of the cause of action under Section 69. Choose the correct forum based on consideration paid.
Week 1
Drafting and filing
Complaint, affidavit, supporting documents, prayer clause covering refund, compensation, and costs. Filing through the e-Daakhil portal where applicable. Fee paid as per Rules.
Week 2 to 3
Notice and reply
Commission issues notice to the opposite party who must reply within 30 days, extendable by 15 days. Mediation can be referred at this stage under Section 37 read with Chapter V.
Month 1 to 2
Evidence and order
Evidence on affidavit, arguments, and order. The Act targets disposal within three months where no commodity testing is involved, five months where testing is required.
Month 3 to 6 target
Built for consumer disputes, not just any litigation
We are a focused chamber. Each matter is handled by a partner who has actually argued these in court, not delegated to junior associates without supervision.
Real estate and RERA, integrated
Most large consumer complaints today involve a parallel question of RERA jurisdiction. We assess where the claim is strongest and avoid the trap of fighting on the wrong forum.
Product liability and CCPA used
Chapter VI of the 2019 Act introduced product liability under Sections 82 to 87. We invoke it in defective goods and healthcare cases and engage the Central Consumer Protection Authority where misleading advertising is involved.
Pecuniary jurisdiction calculated correctly
Since 31 December 2021 jurisdiction is decided on consideration paid, not compensation claimed. Many complaints fail at threshold because of this. We file in the right forum from day one.
What clients ask first
Answers grounded in current Indian law. For specifics on your matter, please speak with us.
It depends on the value of goods or services paid by you as consideration. Up to fifty lakh rupees goes to the District Commission. Between fifty lakh and two crore goes to the State Commission. Above two crore goes to the National Commission. This is the position notified by the Central Government on 30 December 2021.Consumer Protection (Jurisdiction of the District Commission, the State Commission and the National Commission) Rules, 2021
Two years from the date on which the cause of action arose. The Commission has discretion to condone delay under Section 69(2) if you can show sufficient cause for not filing within time, supported by an affidavit.Section 69, Consumer Protection Act, 2019
Yes, the Supreme Court has repeatedly held that homebuyers are consumers and can pursue complaints for deficiency in service even where RERA is also available. The choice of forum has strategic consequences and we assess it case by case.Imperia Structures Ltd. v. Anil Patni, (2020) 10 SCC 783
The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 expressly extends to e-commerce through Section 2(16) and the Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules, 2020. Marketplace platforms, inventory based retailers, and cross border sellers all fall within scope, and the Central Consumer Protection Authority can act against dark patterns and misleading advertising.Section 2(16), CPA 2019, read with E-Commerce Rules 2020
Not mandatory, but the Commission may refer the matter to mediation under Section 37 read with Chapter V if both parties consent. Where settlement is realistic and disclosure of facts will not prejudice your position, mediation can shorten the timeline considerably.Sections 37 and 74 to 81, Consumer Protection Act, 2019
Consumer fees are deliberately modest to keep the forum accessible. For complaints up to five lakh rupees, no fee is payable at the District Commission. Above that, a sliding scale applies under the Consumer Protection (Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions) Rules, 2020 of the State and Centre. We confirm exact figures based on your jurisdiction.Consumer Protection (Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions) Rules, 2020
If you paid for it and did not get it, that is the case.
The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 is a faster, sharper instrument than the 1986 statute. Used correctly, it delivers refunds, compensation, and accountability without protracted litigation.
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