{"id":28003,"date":"2026-06-03T15:56:13","date_gmt":"2026-06-03T10:26:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/?page_id=28003"},"modified":"2026-06-04T20:03:08","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T14:33:08","slug":"arbitration","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/arbitration\/","title":{"rendered":"Arbitration"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"28003\" class=\"elementor elementor-28003\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4aa43d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d4aa43d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2f6be2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c2f6be2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1821f2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1821f2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2f4b68 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a2f4b68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Arbitration<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab26cc7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ab26cc7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3477118 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3477118\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd31706 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"dd31706\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff18174 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff18174\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab95278 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ab95278\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contract gone wrong. \nClause says arbitration.<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59635c0 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59635c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h5>The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, amended in 2015, 2019, and 2021, is now the backbone of commercial dispute resolution in India. Twelve month award timelines, limited court intervention, and direct enforcement as a decree. We invoke, defend, and enforce.<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cacee10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cacee10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hero-statute-icon\"><span style=\"background-color: #dbeafe; color: #2563eb; font-family: Fraunces, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1rem;\">\u00a7<\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u00a0Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (Act No. 26 of 1996)<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Section 29A mandates the arbitral award within 12 months from completion of pleadings, extendable by 6 months by consent. Section 34 challenge limited to 3 months plus 30 days. Section 36 makes the award enforceable as a decree.<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e40589e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e40589e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c0f3da elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6c0f3da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">REQUEST FREE ASSESSMENT<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9db46e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b9db46e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Or call +91 90295 29540<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f545fe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2f545fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df348ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-wpforms\" data-id=\"df348ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpforms.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpforms-container \" id=\"wpforms-28016\"><form id=\"wpforms-form-28016\" class=\"wpforms-validate wpforms-form wpforms-ajax-form\" data-formid=\"28016\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\" action=\"\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28003\" data-token=\"05b233a118dc41cf3068a578d92d5064\"><div class=\"wpforms-head-container\"><div class=\"wpforms-title\">Send us the arbitration clause<\/div><div class=\"wpforms-description\">Even a poorly drafted arbitration clause is often enough. Email us the contract and we will assess it.<\/div><\/div><noscript class=\"wpforms-error-noscript\">Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.<\/noscript><div class=\"wpforms-field-container\"><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_8-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-text half-left\" data-field-id=\"8\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_8\">Name <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\">*<\/span><\/label><input type=\"text\" id=\"wpforms-28016-field_8\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium wpforms-field-required\" name=\"wpforms[fields][8]\" placeholder=\"full name\" required><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_9-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-number half-right\" data-field-id=\"9\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_9\">Phone<\/label><input type=\"number\" pattern=\"\\d*\" id=\"wpforms-28016-field_9\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium\" name=\"wpforms[fields][9]\" ><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_7-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-payment-select half-left wpforms-field-select-style-classic\" data-field-id=\"7\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_7\">City<\/label><select id=\"wpforms-28016-field_7\" class=\"wpforms-payment-price wpforms-field-medium\" name=\"wpforms[fields][7]\"><option value=\"\" class=\"placeholder\" disabled  selected='selected'>- Please select -<\/option><option value=\"2\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >Delhi<\/option><option value=\"6\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >Mumabi<\/option><option value=\"3\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >KolKata<\/option><option value=\"4\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >Chennai<\/option><option value=\"5\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >Other city<\/option><\/select><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_1-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-email half-right\" data-field-id=\"1\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_1\">Email <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\">*<\/span><\/label><input type=\"email\" id=\"wpforms-28016-field_1\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium wpforms-field-required\" name=\"wpforms[fields][1]\" spellcheck=\"false\" required><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_4-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-select wpforms-field-select-style-classic\" data-field-id=\"4\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_4\">What stage of arbitration? <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\">*<\/span><\/label><select id=\"wpforms-28016-field_4\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium wpforms-field-required\" name=\"wpforms[fields][4]\" required=\"required\"><option value=\"\" class=\"placeholder\" disabled >- Please select -<\/option><option value=\"Dispute has arisen, considering invocation\"  selected='selected'>Dispute has arisen, considering invocation<\/option><option value=\"Section 21 notice already sent\" >Section 21 notice already sent<\/option><option value=\"Need Section 9 urgent interim relief\" >Need Section 9 urgent interim relief<\/option><option value=\"Section 11 application for arbitrator appointment\" >Section 11 application for arbitrator appointment<\/option><option value=\"Arbitration ongoing, need counsel\" >Arbitration ongoing, need counsel<\/option><option value=\"Award received, want to challenge (Section 34)\" >Award received, want to challenge (Section 34)<\/option><option value=\"Award in my favour, need enforcement (Section 36)\" >Award in my favour, need enforcement (Section 36)<\/option><option value=\"International commercial arbitration (foreign seat)\" >International commercial arbitration (foreign seat)<\/option><\/select><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_2-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-textarea\" data-field-id=\"2\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_2\">Brief description (optional)<\/label><textarea id=\"wpforms-28016-field_2\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium\" name=\"wpforms[fields][2]\" ><\/textarea><div class=\"wpforms-field-description\">Dates Amounts Parties Involved...<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- .wpforms-field-container --><div class=\"wpforms-submit-container\" ><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"wpforms[id]\" value=\"28016\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"wpforms[author]\" value=\"1\"><button type=\"submit\" name=\"wpforms[submit]\" id=\"wpforms-submit-28016\" class=\"wpforms-submit\" data-alt-text=\"Sending...\" data-submit-text=\"Submit\" aria-live=\"assertive\" value=\"wpforms-submit\">Submit<\/button><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/wpforms-lite\/assets\/images\/submit-spin.svg\" class=\"wpforms-submit-spinner\" style=\"display: none;\" width=\"26\" height=\"26\" alt=\"Loading\"><\/div><\/form><\/div>  <!-- .wpforms-container -->\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-adc4b1b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"adc4b1b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0e4539 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d0e4539\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae7c3f2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ae7c3f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-833b8af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"833b8af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">12 months<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-564d5fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"564d5fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Statutory timeline for award<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65e81e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65e81e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Section 29A(1), A&amp;C Act, inserted by 2015 Amendment<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-279d5f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"279d5f7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9dd025a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9dd025a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc42f3b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dc42f3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Section 9<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afbebd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"afbebd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Interim relief from court<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bedf4f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bedf4f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Section 9, A&amp;C Act, 1996<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1bdfd9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c1bdfd9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34f5efb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"34f5efb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe7dd11 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fe7dd11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3 + 1 months<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fdc429 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7fdc429\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Maximum window to challenge an award<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d501db5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d501db5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Section 34(3), A&amp;C Act<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7386e3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7386e3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-128c95f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"128c95f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26a3032 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"26a3032\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Like a decree<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b4758d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b4758d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Award enforceable as civil court decree<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3343bc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3343bc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Section 36, A&amp;C Act<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a6bd17 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1a6bd17\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-197bda9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"197bda9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c900359 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c900359\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f4ac57 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5f4ac57\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64f5299 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"64f5299\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"section-eyebrow\">What we handle<\/div><h2>Across the lifecycle of an arbitration<\/h2><p>From the moment the clause is invoked to the moment the award is enforced, the work splits into pre-arbitration, arbitration, and post-arbitration. We act at each stage.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9aa54d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d9aa54d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9407310 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9407310\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c46347 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c46347\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9286f4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9286f4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"handle-num\">01 \u00a0\/\u00a0 Pre-arbitration<\/div><h3>Invocation, interim relief, appointment<\/h3><p>Section 21 notice of invocation, Section 9 urgent interim relief from court (asset attachment, status quo, security), Section 11 application for arbitrator appointment, and Section 8 reference where the matter is in court.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faa1998 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"faa1998\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdbf31d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cdbf31d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f262390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f262390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"handle-num\">02 \u00a0\/\u00a0 Arbitration<\/div><h3>Counsel and tribunal representation<\/h3><p>Pleadings, evidence, expert witness handling, applications during proceedings, Section 17 interim relief from tribunal, and oral arguments. We act in ad hoc and institutional arbitration including ICA, MCIA, DIAC, SIAC, ICC.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1474c69 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1474c69\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a969249 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a969249\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a736d76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a736d76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"handle-num\">03 \u00a0\/\u00a0 Post-award<\/div><h3>Challenge, defence, enforcement<\/h3><p>Section 34 set-aside applications, defence of awards, Section 36 enforcement as decree, foreign award enforcement under Part II, and Section 37 appeals from court orders.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9b598a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e9b598a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87f913e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"87f913e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1832f52 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1832f52\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-036c5ed e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"036c5ed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cdb619 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1cdb619\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"section-eyebrow\"><div class=\"section-eyebrow\">How it works<\/div><h2>How an arbitration actually unfolds<\/h2><p>Statutory timelines aim for finality within 18 months. In practice, with discipline, this is achievable.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-031775d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"031775d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-641bed7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"641bed7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f3509f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0f3509f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b52c761 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b52c761\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"handle-num\"><h4>Invocation under Section 21<\/h4><p>Notice of invocation under Section 21 starts the arbitration. The respondent has 30 days to agree on arbitrator. Section 9 urgent interim relief from court can be obtained before this if assets are at risk.<\/p><h3><span class=\"process-time\">Day 1 to 30<\/span><\/h3><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c6598e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4c6598e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f93d3a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1f93d3a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a912a9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a912a9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"handle-num\"><h4>Constitution of tribunal<\/h4><p>Sole or three member tribunal as per the clause. If parties cannot agree, Section 11 application before the High Court (domestic) or Supreme Court (international commercial arbitration) for appointment.<\/p><h3><span class=\"process-time\">Month 2 to 4<\/span><\/h3><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-288fecf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"288fecf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a445d7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a445d7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db4f17c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db4f17c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Pleadings and hearings<\/h4><p>Statement of claim, statement of defence, counter-claim if any, completion of pleadings within 6 months under Section 23(4), evidence on affidavit, cross examination, and final arguments.<\/p><h3><span class=\"process-time\">Month 4 to 14<\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b50b53 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6b50b53\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a83aaa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0a83aaa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc905bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc905bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Award and post-award<\/h4><p>Award within 12 months from completion of pleadings (Section 29A). Section 34 challenge possible within 3 months plus 30 days. Otherwise the award is enforceable as a civil court decree under Section 36.<\/p><h3><span class=\"process-time\">Month 14 to 22<\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2ff396 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d2ff396\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ede09d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8ede09d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf06461 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cf06461\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-923fa29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"923fa29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c9f575 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c9f575\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"section-eyebrow\">Why CVJ<\/div><h2>Built for arbitration matters, not just any litigation<\/h2><p>We are a focused chamber. Each matter is handled by a partner who has actually argued these in court, not delegated to junior associates without supervision.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae82aa0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ae82aa0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-529fccc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"529fccc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a34605c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a34605c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fab0793 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fab0793\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"handle-num\"><h3>Drafting the right clause matters as much as winning<\/h3><p>We have seen claims fail because the arbitration clause was unworkable, the seat was unclear, or institutional rules were not chosen. We draft and review clauses to be enforceable, not decorative.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9c8fcc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b9c8fcc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9408c1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c9408c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72e9f25 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72e9f25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"handle-num\"><h3>Section 9 used aggressively when warranted<\/h3><p>Interim relief from court before arbitration commences is one of the most underused remedies. Asset freezing, status quo on properties, and bank account attachment can preserve the realisable claim long before the award.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9a687a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f9a687a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f836452 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f836452\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f60a622 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f60a622\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"handle-num\"><h3>Section 29A treated as binding<\/h3><p>The 12 month timeline under Section 29A is not aspirational. We push pleadings to close on time, keep hearings tight, and seek extension only where genuinely required, never as a tactic.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-812b9b1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"812b9b1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f657ef4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f657ef4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ace16e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ace16e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"section-eyebrow\">Common questions<\/div><h2>What clients ask first<\/h2><p>Answers grounded in current Indian law. For specifics on your matter, please speak with us.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb14058 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"bb14058\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-toggle{text-align:left}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{font-weight:700;line-height:1;margin:0;padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;cursor:pointer;outline:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon{display:inline-block;width:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon svg{margin-inline-start:-5px;width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-right{float:right;text-align:right}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-left{float:left;text-align:left}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active{border-bottom:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;display:none}@media (max-width:767px){.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{padding:12px}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:12px 10px}}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-toggle,.e-con>.elementor-widget-toggle{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1961\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1961\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">How quickly can I get interim relief if assets are being moved?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1961\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1961\"><p>Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act allows you to approach the court for urgent interim measures even before arbitration commences. The court can grant attachment of assets, status quo on properties, restraints on dispositions, and security for the claim. Once obtained, arbitration must be commenced within 90 days under Section 9(2). We have obtained ad-interim orders within 48 to 72 hours where the application is genuinely urgent.<span class=\"cite\">Sections 9 and 9(2), Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1962\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1962\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">How long does an arbitration take in India today?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1962\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1962\"><p>Under the 2015 amendment, Section 29A mandates that the arbitral tribunal make its award within twelve months from the date of completion of pleadings. The parties may extend this by six months by consent. Beyond this, only the court can extend, on sufficient cause. So in principle, an arbitration from invocation to award should conclude within 18 to 24 months. The reality depends heavily on tribunal discipline.<span class=\"cite\">Section 29A, A&amp;C Act, inserted by Act 3 of 2016 and amended by Act 33 of 2019<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1963\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1963\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Can I challenge an arbitral award I disagree with?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1963\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1963\"><p>Only on the limited grounds set out in Section 34, which include incapacity of a party, invalid arbitration agreement, lack of notice, the award dealing with matters outside the scope of submission, improper composition of the tribunal, the subject matter not being arbitrable, or the award being in conflict with public policy. An application must be filed within three months of receipt of the award, extendable by a maximum of thirty days. The court does not sit in appeal on merits.<span class=\"cite\">Section 34, Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1964\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1964\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">What is the difference between Section 9 and Section 17?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1964\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1964\"><p>Section 9 is interim relief from the court. Section 17 is interim relief from the arbitral tribunal itself, with the same range of powers. Section 9 can be used before, during, and after the arbitration but before enforcement. Once the tribunal is constituted, Section 9 may not be available unless the tribunal cannot provide an effective remedy. Section 17 orders are enforceable as if they were orders of the court.<span class=\"cite\">Sections 9 and 17, A&amp;C Act, 1996<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1965\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1965\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">How is an arbitral award enforced?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1965\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1965\"><p>Under Section 36, after the time for filing a Section 34 application has expired or after such an application has been refused, the award shall be enforced in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, as if it were a decree of the court. Foreign awards are enforced under Part II of the Act, depending on whether the country is a reciprocating territory under the New York Convention or Geneva Convention.<span class=\"cite\">Section 36 (domestic) and Part II Chapter I (foreign), A&amp;C Act<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1966\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1966\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">What if the arbitration clause is in a contract but my dispute is with a non-signatory?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1966\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1966\"><p>Indian courts have, in a series of judgments culminating in the Constitution Bench in Cox &amp; Kings Ltd. v. SAP India Pvt. Ltd. (2023), accepted the \u2018group of companies\u2019 doctrine to bind non-signatories to an arbitration agreement in appropriate cases. The test is mutual intent of the parties, the relationship of the non-signatory to the signatory, the commonality of the subject matter, and the composite nature of the transaction. The position has evolved significantly post-2023.<span class=\"cite\">Cox &amp; Kings Ltd. v. SAP India Pvt. Ltd., 2023 INSC 1051<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acb6d3c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"acb6d3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42994a1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"42994a1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19cecf8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"19cecf8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-932a805 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"932a805\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc31f14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc31f14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"section-eyebrow\">Speak with our team<\/div><h2>Arbitration is not court litigation. It needs different skills.<\/h2><p class=\"final-lead\">Tribunal procedure, document strategy, expert evidence, and award enforceability all play out differently from a civil suit. We act as counsel in arbitrations and advise on clauses before the dispute arises.<\/p><div class=\"contact-block\"><div class=\"contact-item\"><div class=\"contact-icon\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"contact-text\"><strong>Call us &#8211; <\/strong>91 90295 29540\u00a0\u00a0\u00b7\u00a0 Mon to Sat, 10am to 8pm<\/div><\/div><div class=\"contact-item\"><div class=\"contact-icon\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"contact-text\"><strong>WhatsApp &#8211; <\/strong>Send a message\u00a0for a written response<\/div><\/div><div class=\"contact-item\"><div class=\"contact-icon\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"contact-text\"><strong>Email &#8211; <\/strong>greetings@visshaljain.com<\/div><\/div><div class=\"contact-item\"><div class=\"contact-icon\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"contact-text\"><strong>Mumbai office &#8211; <\/strong>Gala 8\/9, Raj Mahal, Veer Nariman Marg, Churchgate, Mumbai 400 020<\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fe7c86 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5fe7c86\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd306d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wpforms\" data-id=\"dd306d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpforms.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpforms-container \" id=\"wpforms-28016\"><form id=\"wpforms-form-28016\" class=\"wpforms-validate wpforms-form wpforms-ajax-form\" data-formid=\"28016\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\" action=\"\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28003\" data-token=\"05b233a118dc41cf3068a578d92d5064\"><noscript class=\"wpforms-error-noscript\">Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.<\/noscript><div class=\"wpforms-field-container\"><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_8-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-text half-left\" data-field-id=\"8\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_8\">Name <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\">*<\/span><\/label><input type=\"text\" id=\"wpforms-28016-field_8\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium wpforms-field-required\" name=\"wpforms[fields][8]\" placeholder=\"full name\" required><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_9-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-number half-right\" data-field-id=\"9\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_9\">Phone<\/label><input type=\"number\" pattern=\"\\d*\" id=\"wpforms-28016-field_9\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium\" name=\"wpforms[fields][9]\" ><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_7-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-payment-select half-left wpforms-field-select-style-classic\" data-field-id=\"7\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_7\">City<\/label><select id=\"wpforms-28016-field_7\" class=\"wpforms-payment-price wpforms-field-medium\" name=\"wpforms[fields][7]\"><option value=\"\" class=\"placeholder\" disabled  selected='selected'>- Please select -<\/option><option value=\"2\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >Delhi<\/option><option value=\"6\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >Mumabi<\/option><option value=\"3\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >KolKata<\/option><option value=\"4\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >Chennai<\/option><option value=\"5\" data-amount=\"0.00\" >Other city<\/option><\/select><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_1-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-email half-right\" data-field-id=\"1\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_1\">Email <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\">*<\/span><\/label><input type=\"email\" id=\"wpforms-28016-field_1\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium wpforms-field-required\" name=\"wpforms[fields][1]\" spellcheck=\"false\" required><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_4-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-select wpforms-field-select-style-classic\" data-field-id=\"4\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_4\">What stage of arbitration? <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\">*<\/span><\/label><select id=\"wpforms-28016-field_4\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium wpforms-field-required\" name=\"wpforms[fields][4]\" required=\"required\"><option value=\"\" class=\"placeholder\" disabled >- Please select -<\/option><option value=\"Dispute has arisen, considering invocation\"  selected='selected'>Dispute has arisen, considering invocation<\/option><option value=\"Section 21 notice already sent\" >Section 21 notice already sent<\/option><option value=\"Need Section 9 urgent interim relief\" >Need Section 9 urgent interim relief<\/option><option value=\"Section 11 application for arbitrator appointment\" >Section 11 application for arbitrator appointment<\/option><option value=\"Arbitration ongoing, need counsel\" >Arbitration ongoing, need counsel<\/option><option value=\"Award received, want to challenge (Section 34)\" >Award received, want to challenge (Section 34)<\/option><option value=\"Award in my favour, need enforcement (Section 36)\" >Award in my favour, need enforcement (Section 36)<\/option><option value=\"International commercial arbitration (foreign seat)\" >International commercial arbitration (foreign seat)<\/option><\/select><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28016-field_2-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-textarea\" data-field-id=\"2\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28016-field_2\">Brief description (optional)<\/label><textarea id=\"wpforms-28016-field_2\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium\" name=\"wpforms[fields][2]\" ><\/textarea><div class=\"wpforms-field-description\">Dates Amounts Parties Involved...<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- .wpforms-field-container --><div class=\"wpforms-submit-container\" ><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"wpforms[id]\" value=\"28016\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"wpforms[author]\" value=\"1\"><button type=\"submit\" name=\"wpforms[submit]\" id=\"wpforms-submit-28016\" class=\"wpforms-submit\" data-alt-text=\"Sending...\" data-submit-text=\"Submit\" aria-live=\"assertive\" value=\"wpforms-submit\">Submit<\/button><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/wpforms-lite\/assets\/images\/submit-spin.svg\" class=\"wpforms-submit-spinner\" style=\"display: none;\" width=\"26\" height=\"26\" alt=\"Loading\"><\/div><\/form><\/div>  <!-- .wpforms-container -->\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arbitration Contract gone wrong. Clause says arbitration. The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, amended in 2015, 2019, and 2021, is now the backbone of commercial dispute resolution in India. Twelve month award timelines, limited court intervention, and direct enforcement as a decree. We invoke, defend, and enforce. \u00a7\u00a0Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (Act No. 26 of 1996)Section 29A mandates the arbitral award within 12 months from completion of pleadings, extendable by 6 months by consent. Section 34 challenge limited to 3 months plus 30 days. Section 36 makes the award enforceable as a decree. REQUEST FREE ASSESSMENT Or call +91 90295 29540 Send us the arbitration clauseEven a poorly drafted arbitration clause is often enough. Email us the contract and we will assess it.Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.Name *PhoneCity&#8211; Please select &#8211;DelhiMumabiKolKataChennaiOther cityEmail *What stage of arbitration? *&#8211; Please select &#8211;Dispute has arisen, considering invocationSection 21 notice already sentNeed Section 9 urgent interim reliefSection 11 application for arbitrator appointmentArbitration ongoing, need counselAward received, want to challenge (Section 34)Award in my favour, need enforcement (Section 36)International commercial arbitration (foreign seat)Brief description (optional)Dates Amounts Parties Involved&#8230; Submit 12 months Statutory timeline for award Section 29A(1), A&amp;C Act, inserted by 2015 Amendment Section 9 Interim relief from court Section 9, A&amp;C Act, 1996 3 + 1 months Maximum window to challenge an award Section 34(3), A&amp;C Act Like a decree Award enforceable as civil court decree Section 36, A&amp;C Act What we handle Across the lifecycle of an arbitration From the moment the clause is invoked to the moment the award is enforced, the work splits into pre-arbitration, arbitration, and post-arbitration. We act at each stage. 01 \u00a0\/\u00a0 Pre-arbitration Invocation, interim relief, appointment Section 21 notice of invocation, Section 9 urgent interim relief from court (asset attachment, status quo, security), Section 11 application for arbitrator appointment, and Section 8 reference where the matter is in court. 02 \u00a0\/\u00a0 Arbitration Counsel and tribunal representation Pleadings, evidence, expert witness handling, applications during proceedings, Section 17 interim relief from tribunal, and oral arguments. We act in ad hoc and institutional arbitration including ICA, MCIA, DIAC, SIAC, ICC. 03 \u00a0\/\u00a0 Post-award Challenge, defence, enforcement Section 34 set-aside applications, defence of awards, Section 36 enforcement as decree, foreign award enforcement under Part II, and Section 37 appeals from court orders. How it works How an arbitration actually unfolds Statutory timelines aim for finality within 18 months. In practice, with discipline, this is achievable. Invocation under Section 21 Notice of invocation under Section 21 starts the arbitration. The respondent has 30 days to agree on arbitrator. Section 9 urgent interim relief from court can be obtained before this if assets are at risk. Day 1 to 30 Constitution of tribunal Sole or three member tribunal as per the clause. If parties cannot agree, Section 11 application before the High Court (domestic) or Supreme Court (international commercial arbitration) for appointment. Month 2 to 4 Pleadings and hearings Statement of claim, statement of defence, counter-claim if any, completion of pleadings within 6 months under Section 23(4), evidence on affidavit, cross examination, and final arguments. Month 4 to 14 Award and post-award Award within 12 months from completion of pleadings (Section 29A). Section 34 challenge possible within 3 months plus 30 days. Otherwise the award is enforceable as a civil court decree <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/arbitration\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-28003","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28003"}],"version-history":[{"count":106,"href":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28003\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28164,"href":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28003\/revisions\/28164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/visshaljain.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}